Torakotomi Sonrası Kronik Ağrı Sendromu
References
Zengin M, Sazak H, Baldemir R, et. al. Comparison of analgesic efficacy of different local anesthetic volumes for erector spinae plane block in thoracotomy patients; a prospective randomized trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2023; 23 (1): 42. doi: 10.1186/s12871-023-02004-4.
Zengin EN, Alagöz A, Yiğit H, et. al. The effect of body mass index on thoracic paravertebral block analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; a prospective interventional study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2023; 23 (1): 297. doi: 10.1186/s12871-023-02264-0.
Arends S, Böhmer AB, Poels M, et. al. Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome: seldom severe, often neuropathic, treated unspecific, and insufficient. Pain Rep. 2020 Mar 4;5(2):e810. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000810.
Gupta R, Van de Ven T, Pyati S. Post-Thoracotomy Pain: Current Strategies for Prevention and Treatment. Drugs. 2020 Nov;80(16):1677-1684. doi: 10.1007/s40265-020-01390-0.
Bayman EO, Parekh KR, Keech J, et. al. A Prospective Study of Chronic Pain after Thoracic Surgery. Anesthesiology. 2017 May;126(5):938-951. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001576.
d'Amours RH, Riegler FX, Little AG. Pathogenesis and management of persistent postthoracotomy pain. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 1998 Aug;8(3):703-22.
Katz J, Jackson M, Kavanagh BP, et. al. Acute pain after thoracic surgery predicts long-term post-thoracotomy pain. Clin J Pain. 1996 Mar;12(1):50-5. doi: 10.1097/00002508-199603000-00009.
Pluijms WA, Steegers MA, Verhagen AF, et. al. Chronic post-thoracotomy pain: a retrospective study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006 Aug;50(7):804-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2006.01065.x.
Bachiocco V, Morselli-Labate AM, Rusticali AG, et. al. Intensity, latency and duration of post-thoracotomy pain: relationship to personality traits. Funct Neurol. 1990 Oct-Dec;5(4):321-32.
Kalso E. IV. Persistent post-surgery pain: research agenda for mechanisms, prevention, and treatment. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jul;111(1):9-12. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet211.
Habib AS, Kertai MD, Cooter M, et. al. Risk factors for severe acute pain and persistent pain after surgery for breast cancer: a prospective observational study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Feb;44(2):192-199. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2018-000040.
Zorina-Lichtenwalter K, Meloto CB, Khoury S, et.al. Genetic predictors of human chronic pain conditions. Neuroscience. 2016 Dec 3;338:36-62. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.041.
Tian Y, Liu X, Jia M, et. al. Targeted Genotyping Identifies Susceptibility Locus in Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene for Chronic Postsurgical Pain. Anesthesiology. 2018 Mar;128(3):587-597. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001977.
Montes A, Roca G, Sabate S, et. al. Genetic and Clinical Factors Associated with Chronic Postsurgical Pain after Hernia Repair, Hysterectomy, and Thoracotomy: A Two-year Multicenter Cohort Study. Anesthesiology. 2015 May;122(5):1123-41. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000611.
Landreneau RJ, Mack MJ, Hazelrigg SR, et. al. Prevalence of chronic pain after pulmonary resection by thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracic surgery. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 1994, 107(4), 1079-1086. doi:10.1016/S0022-5223(94)70384-1
Wildgaard K, Ringsted TK, Hansen HJ, et. al. Persistent postsurgical pain after video-assisted thoracic surgery--an observational study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2016 May;60(5):650-8. doi: 10.1111/aas.12681.
Nomori H, Horio H, Fuyuno G, et. al. Non-serratus-sparing antero-axillary thoracotomy with disconnection of anterior rib cartilage. Improvement in postoperative pulmonary function and pain in comparison to posterolateral thoracotomy. Chest. 1997 Mar;111(3):572-6. doi: 10.1378/chest.111.3.572.
Benedetti F, Vighetti S, Ricco C, et. al. Neurophysiologic assessment of nerve impairment in posterolateral and muscle-sparing thoracotomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998 Apr;115(4):841-7. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70365-4.
Koop O, Gries A, Eckert S, et. al. The role of intercostal nerve preservation in pain control after thoracotomy. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013 Apr;43(4):808-12. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs453.
Allama AM. Intercostal muscle flap for decreasing pain after thoracotomy: a prospective randomized trial. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Jan;89(1):195-9. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.07.094.
Cheng X, Onaitis MW, D'amico TA, et. al. Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery 3.0: Lessons Learned From the History of Lung Cancer Surgery. Ann Surg. 2018 Jan;267(1):37-38. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002405.
Wildgaard K, Ringsted TK, Hansen HJ, et. al. Quantitative sensory testing of persistent pain after video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2012 Jan;108(1):126-33. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer325.
Yarnitsky D, Crispel Y, Eisenberg E, et. al. Prediction of chronic post-operative pain: pre-operative DNIC testing identifies patients at risk. Pain. 2008 Aug 15;138(1):22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.033.
Obata H, Saito S, Fujita N, Fuse Y, Ishizaki K, Goto F. Epidural block with mepivacaine before surgery reduces long-term post-thoracotomy pain. Can J Anaesth. 1999 Dec;46(12):1127-32. doi: 10.1007/BF03015520.
Salengros JC, Huybrechts I, Ducart A, et. al. Different anesthetic techniques associated with different incidences of chronic post-thoracotomy pain: low-dose remifentanil plus presurgical epidural analgesia is preferable to high-dose remifentanil with postsurgical epidural analgesia. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010 Aug;24(4):608-16. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.10.006.
Oderda GM, Evans RS, Lloyd J, et. al. Cost of opioid-related adverse drug events in surgical patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2003 Mar;25(3):276-83. doi: 10.1016/s0885-3924(02)00691-7.
Humble SR, Dalton AJ, Li L. A systematic review of therapeutic interventions to reduce acute and chronic post-surgical pain after amputation, thoracotomy or mastectomy. Eur J Pain. 2015 Apr;19(4):451-65. doi: 10.1002/ejp.567.
Ohnuma T, Raghunathan K, Ellis AR, et. al. Effects of Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Gabapentinoids, and Their Combinations on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty. Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1;21(10):2385-2393. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnaa017.
Song JG, Shin JW, Lee EH, et.al. Incidence of post-thoracotomy pain: a comparison between total intravenous anaesthesia and inhalation anaesthesia. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012 May;41(5):1078-82. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr133.
Yeung JH, Gates S, Naidu BV, et. al. Paravertebral block versus thoracic epidural for patients undergoing thoracotomy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 21;2(2):CD009121. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009121.pub2.
Khalil KG, Boutrous ML, Irani AD, et.al. Operative Intercostal Nerve Blocks With Long-Acting Bupivacaine Liposome for Pain Control After Thoracotomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2015 Dec;100(6):2013-8. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.08.017.
Meierhenrich R, Hock D, Kühn S, et. al. Analgesia and pulmonary function after lung surgery: is a single intercostal nerve block plus patient-controlled intravenous morphine as effective as patient-controlled epidural anaesthesia? A randomized non-inferiority clinical trial. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Apr;106(4):580-9. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq418.
Taketa Y, Irisawa Y, Fujitani T. Comparison of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block and thoracic paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled non-inferiority clinical trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Nov 8:rapm-2019-100827. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2019-100827.
Costache I, Pawa A, Abdallah FW. Paravertebral by proxy - time to redefine the paravertebral block. Anaesthesia. 2018 Oct;73(10):1185-1188. doi: 10.1111/anae.14348.
Kelsheimer B, Williams C, Kelsheimer C. New Emerging Modalities to Treat Post-Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome: A Review. Mo Med. 2019 Jan-Feb;116(1):41-44.
De Kock M, Loix S, Lavand'homme P. Ketamine and peripheral inflammation. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2013 Jun;19(6):403-10. doi: 10.1111/cns.12104.
Dale O, Somogyi AA, Li Y, et. al. Does intraoperative ketamine attenuate inflammatory reactivity following surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2012 Oct;115(4):934-43. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182662e30.
Moyse DW, Kaye AD, Diaz JH, et. al. Perioperative Ketamine Administration for Thoracotomy Pain. Pain Physician. 2017 Mar;20(3):173-184.
Justus R, Wyles D, Wilson J, et. al. Preparing children and families for surgery: Mount Sinai's multidisciplinary perspective. Pediatr Nurs. 2006 Jan-Feb;32(1):35-43.
Alagöz A, Ergüven M, Tunç M, et al. Preoperatif Anksiyete Skoru İle Torakotomi Sonrası Ağrı Arasında Bir Korelasyon Var mıdır?. Ortadogu Medical Journal/Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi 2012; 4: 117-21.
Zengin EN, Alagöz A, Yiğit H, et. al. The effect of body mass index on thoracic paravertebral block analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; a prospective interventional study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2023; 23 (1): 297. doi: 10.1186/s12871-023-02264-0.
Arends S, Böhmer AB, Poels M, et. al. Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome: seldom severe, often neuropathic, treated unspecific, and insufficient. Pain Rep. 2020 Mar 4;5(2):e810. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000810.
Gupta R, Van de Ven T, Pyati S. Post-Thoracotomy Pain: Current Strategies for Prevention and Treatment. Drugs. 2020 Nov;80(16):1677-1684. doi: 10.1007/s40265-020-01390-0.
Bayman EO, Parekh KR, Keech J, et. al. A Prospective Study of Chronic Pain after Thoracic Surgery. Anesthesiology. 2017 May;126(5):938-951. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001576.
d'Amours RH, Riegler FX, Little AG. Pathogenesis and management of persistent postthoracotomy pain. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 1998 Aug;8(3):703-22.
Katz J, Jackson M, Kavanagh BP, et. al. Acute pain after thoracic surgery predicts long-term post-thoracotomy pain. Clin J Pain. 1996 Mar;12(1):50-5. doi: 10.1097/00002508-199603000-00009.
Pluijms WA, Steegers MA, Verhagen AF, et. al. Chronic post-thoracotomy pain: a retrospective study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006 Aug;50(7):804-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2006.01065.x.
Bachiocco V, Morselli-Labate AM, Rusticali AG, et. al. Intensity, latency and duration of post-thoracotomy pain: relationship to personality traits. Funct Neurol. 1990 Oct-Dec;5(4):321-32.
Kalso E. IV. Persistent post-surgery pain: research agenda for mechanisms, prevention, and treatment. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jul;111(1):9-12. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet211.
Habib AS, Kertai MD, Cooter M, et. al. Risk factors for severe acute pain and persistent pain after surgery for breast cancer: a prospective observational study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Feb;44(2):192-199. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2018-000040.
Zorina-Lichtenwalter K, Meloto CB, Khoury S, et.al. Genetic predictors of human chronic pain conditions. Neuroscience. 2016 Dec 3;338:36-62. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.041.
Tian Y, Liu X, Jia M, et. al. Targeted Genotyping Identifies Susceptibility Locus in Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene for Chronic Postsurgical Pain. Anesthesiology. 2018 Mar;128(3):587-597. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001977.
Montes A, Roca G, Sabate S, et. al. Genetic and Clinical Factors Associated with Chronic Postsurgical Pain after Hernia Repair, Hysterectomy, and Thoracotomy: A Two-year Multicenter Cohort Study. Anesthesiology. 2015 May;122(5):1123-41. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000611.
Landreneau RJ, Mack MJ, Hazelrigg SR, et. al. Prevalence of chronic pain after pulmonary resection by thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracic surgery. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 1994, 107(4), 1079-1086. doi:10.1016/S0022-5223(94)70384-1
Wildgaard K, Ringsted TK, Hansen HJ, et. al. Persistent postsurgical pain after video-assisted thoracic surgery--an observational study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2016 May;60(5):650-8. doi: 10.1111/aas.12681.
Nomori H, Horio H, Fuyuno G, et. al. Non-serratus-sparing antero-axillary thoracotomy with disconnection of anterior rib cartilage. Improvement in postoperative pulmonary function and pain in comparison to posterolateral thoracotomy. Chest. 1997 Mar;111(3):572-6. doi: 10.1378/chest.111.3.572.
Benedetti F, Vighetti S, Ricco C, et. al. Neurophysiologic assessment of nerve impairment in posterolateral and muscle-sparing thoracotomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998 Apr;115(4):841-7. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70365-4.
Koop O, Gries A, Eckert S, et. al. The role of intercostal nerve preservation in pain control after thoracotomy. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013 Apr;43(4):808-12. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs453.
Allama AM. Intercostal muscle flap for decreasing pain after thoracotomy: a prospective randomized trial. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Jan;89(1):195-9. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.07.094.
Cheng X, Onaitis MW, D'amico TA, et. al. Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery 3.0: Lessons Learned From the History of Lung Cancer Surgery. Ann Surg. 2018 Jan;267(1):37-38. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002405.
Wildgaard K, Ringsted TK, Hansen HJ, et. al. Quantitative sensory testing of persistent pain after video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2012 Jan;108(1):126-33. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer325.
Yarnitsky D, Crispel Y, Eisenberg E, et. al. Prediction of chronic post-operative pain: pre-operative DNIC testing identifies patients at risk. Pain. 2008 Aug 15;138(1):22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.033.
Obata H, Saito S, Fujita N, Fuse Y, Ishizaki K, Goto F. Epidural block with mepivacaine before surgery reduces long-term post-thoracotomy pain. Can J Anaesth. 1999 Dec;46(12):1127-32. doi: 10.1007/BF03015520.
Salengros JC, Huybrechts I, Ducart A, et. al. Different anesthetic techniques associated with different incidences of chronic post-thoracotomy pain: low-dose remifentanil plus presurgical epidural analgesia is preferable to high-dose remifentanil with postsurgical epidural analgesia. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010 Aug;24(4):608-16. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.10.006.
Oderda GM, Evans RS, Lloyd J, et. al. Cost of opioid-related adverse drug events in surgical patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2003 Mar;25(3):276-83. doi: 10.1016/s0885-3924(02)00691-7.
Humble SR, Dalton AJ, Li L. A systematic review of therapeutic interventions to reduce acute and chronic post-surgical pain after amputation, thoracotomy or mastectomy. Eur J Pain. 2015 Apr;19(4):451-65. doi: 10.1002/ejp.567.
Ohnuma T, Raghunathan K, Ellis AR, et. al. Effects of Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Gabapentinoids, and Their Combinations on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty. Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1;21(10):2385-2393. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnaa017.
Song JG, Shin JW, Lee EH, et.al. Incidence of post-thoracotomy pain: a comparison between total intravenous anaesthesia and inhalation anaesthesia. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012 May;41(5):1078-82. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr133.
Yeung JH, Gates S, Naidu BV, et. al. Paravertebral block versus thoracic epidural for patients undergoing thoracotomy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 21;2(2):CD009121. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009121.pub2.
Khalil KG, Boutrous ML, Irani AD, et.al. Operative Intercostal Nerve Blocks With Long-Acting Bupivacaine Liposome for Pain Control After Thoracotomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2015 Dec;100(6):2013-8. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.08.017.
Meierhenrich R, Hock D, Kühn S, et. al. Analgesia and pulmonary function after lung surgery: is a single intercostal nerve block plus patient-controlled intravenous morphine as effective as patient-controlled epidural anaesthesia? A randomized non-inferiority clinical trial. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Apr;106(4):580-9. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq418.
Taketa Y, Irisawa Y, Fujitani T. Comparison of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block and thoracic paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled non-inferiority clinical trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Nov 8:rapm-2019-100827. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2019-100827.
Costache I, Pawa A, Abdallah FW. Paravertebral by proxy - time to redefine the paravertebral block. Anaesthesia. 2018 Oct;73(10):1185-1188. doi: 10.1111/anae.14348.
Kelsheimer B, Williams C, Kelsheimer C. New Emerging Modalities to Treat Post-Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome: A Review. Mo Med. 2019 Jan-Feb;116(1):41-44.
De Kock M, Loix S, Lavand'homme P. Ketamine and peripheral inflammation. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2013 Jun;19(6):403-10. doi: 10.1111/cns.12104.
Dale O, Somogyi AA, Li Y, et. al. Does intraoperative ketamine attenuate inflammatory reactivity following surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2012 Oct;115(4):934-43. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182662e30.
Moyse DW, Kaye AD, Diaz JH, et. al. Perioperative Ketamine Administration for Thoracotomy Pain. Pain Physician. 2017 Mar;20(3):173-184.
Justus R, Wyles D, Wilson J, et. al. Preparing children and families for surgery: Mount Sinai's multidisciplinary perspective. Pediatr Nurs. 2006 Jan-Feb;32(1):35-43.
Alagöz A, Ergüven M, Tunç M, et al. Preoperatif Anksiyete Skoru İle Torakotomi Sonrası Ağrı Arasında Bir Korelasyon Var mıdır?. Ortadogu Medical Journal/Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi 2012; 4: 117-21.
Pages
103-114
Published
November 2, 2023
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1.
Zengin EN. Torakotomi Sonrası Kronik Ağrı Sendromu. In: Özcengiz D, editor. Güncel Anesteziyoloji ve Ağrı Çalışmaları VIII [Internet]. Türkiye: Academician Publishing Book DOI Portal; 2023 [cited 2026 Jul. 14]. pp. 103-14. Available from: https://www.omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/2816/chapter/13385
