Kekik (Thymus/ Thyme/ Thymus Vulgaris)
Synopsis
Antineoplastik ilaçlarda; ajanlara direnç gelişimi, yan etkiler, maliyetler ve daha birçok sebep tedavi arayışlarının devamlılığını gerektirmektedir. Popüler odak noktalardan biri de doğadan elde edilen ürünlerden ilaç geliştirme çalışmalarıdır. Laminaceae ailesinin bir üyesi olan kekik binlerce yıldır tıbbi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Baharat olarak kullanımının yanı sıra antimikrobiyal, antitussif, spazmolitik ve antioksidan olarak tavsiye edilmektedir. Mikroorganizmalara karşı etkinliği yönünde çok sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Buna rağmen kekik monoterapisini destekleyen kontrollü klinik çalışmalar bulunmamaktadır. Anti-kanser özellikleri açısından yapılan çalışmalar hücre düzeyi ve hayvan deneyleri düzeyindedir. Kekikten elde edilecek ilaçların insanda, hangi kanserlerde kullanılacağı, formülasyonları, kullanım yolu, dozu, sıklığı ve benzeri konularda henüz bir çalışma yoktur. Yapılan çalışmalarda kekiğin çoğu kanser hücre dizisine sitotoksik ve anti-proliferatif yönde etkileri gösterilmiştir. Bunun yanında çoğu çalışmada çalışılan normal hücre serilerinde sitotoksisite gözlenmemiş olup birkaç çalışmada subtoksik dozlarda proliferatif etkileri olabileceği saptanmıştır. Farklı kanser hücre serilerinde etkisi gösterilen kekikten elde edilen esansiyel yağların, kekik cinsine ve yetiştirildiği yere göre dağılımlarının ve çeşitliliğinin değişiklik gösterdiği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Tüm bu bulgularla beraber kekik gelecekte kansere karşı tedavi seçenekleri oluşturulması açısından önemli bir doğal ajan adayıdır.
In antineoplastic drugs, the development of resistance, side effects, costs and many other reasons necessitate the continued search for a treatment. One of the popular focal points is the development of drugs from products derived from nature. Thyme, a member of the Laminaceae family, has been used medicinally for thousands of years. In addition to its use as a spice, it is recommended as an antimicrobial, antitussive, spasmolytic and antioxidant. There are numerous studies on its efficacy against microorganisms. However, there are no controlled clinical studies supporting thyme monotherapy. Studies on anti-cancer properties are at the level of cellular and animal experiments. There is no study yet on the drugs obtained from thyme, the pathology to be used, formulations, method of use, dosage, frequency and similar issues. Studies have shown cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of thyme on most cancer cell lines. In addition, cytotoxicity has not been observed in normal cell lines, and in a few studies it has been found that it may have proliferative effects at sub-toxic doses. Essential oils derived from thyme have been shown to be effective in different cancer cell lines. However, it should be taken into account that the variety and proportions of these oils vary according to the type of thyme and the place where it is grown. With all these findings, thyme is an important natural agent candidate in terms of creating treatment options against cancer in the future.
References
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