Gebelik ve Cinsel Sağlık
Özet
Gebelik, kadın hayatında önemli bir yere sahip olan çeşitli bedensel ve ruhsal değişikliklerin yaşandığı, fizyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal faktörlerden etkilenen bir dönemdir. Cinsellik ise çok boyutlu olup biyolojik, ekonomik, psikolojik, sosyal, politik, dini, hukuki, tarihi, kültürel ve ruhsal faktörlerin etkileşiminden etkilenmektedir. Gebelik döneminde meydana gelen anatomik, fizyolojik, hormonal, emosyonel değişimler, sosyokültürel faktörler, ekonomik faktörler, mitler ve anne babalık düşüncesi kadınların ruh hallerini, fiziksel rahatlıklarını, kişilerarası ilişkilerini, eş/partner ile olan evlilik ilişkisini, cinsel davranışını ve yaşamını etkilemektedir. Bu bölümde gebelik ve cinsel sağlığın birbiri üzerine etkisi tartışılacaktır.
Referanslar
Murtagh J. Female sexual function, dysfunction, and pregnancy: implications for practice. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010;55:438-446.
Moseley A. A’dan Z’ye Felsefe. İstanbul NTV Yayınları; 2010. s: 55-58.
Parrinder G (Çev: Elçi N.). Dünya Dinlerinde Cinsel Ahlak. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Say Yayınları; 2003. p. 355-367.
Taylor TF. The origins of human sexual culture. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality. 2007; 18(2): 69-105.
Bozdemir N, Özcan S. Cinselliğe ve cinsel sağlığa genel bakış. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care (TJFMPC). 2011; 5(4): 37-46.
World Health Organization. Sexual health. [cited 2022 July 18]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/sexual-health#tab=tab_2
Fok WY, Chan LYS, Yuen, PM. Sexual behavior and activity in Chinese pregnant women. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2005; 84: 934–938.
Chang SR, Chen KH, Lin HH, Yu HJ. Comparison of overall sexual function, sexual intercourse/activity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual desire during the three trimesters of pregnancy and assessment of their determinants. J. Sex. Med. 2011; 8: 2859–2867.
Regan PC, Lyle JL, Otto AL, Joshi A. Pregnancy and changes in female sexual desire: A review. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal. 2003;31:603-612.
Gürkan ÖC. Gebelik döneminde cinsellik nasıl etkileniyor?. Androloji Bülteni, 2007; 28: 80-85.
Tosun Güleroğlu F, Gördeles Beşer N. Evaluation of sexual functions of the pregnant women. J Sex Med. 2014;11:146-153.
Fuchs A, Czech I, Sikora J, et al. Sexual Functioning in Pregnant Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16: 4216.
Staruch M, Kucharczyk A, Zawadzka K, Wielgos M, Szymusik I. Sexual activity during pregnancy. Neuroendocrinology Letters. 2016; 37(1):53-58.
Košec T, Jug Došler A, Kusterle M, Mivšek, A.P. Sex life during pregnancy: survey among women. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 2019; 53(4): 280–287.
Kızılkaya Beji N, Dişsiz M. Gebelik ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı. Kızılkaya Beji N (ed.). Hemşire ve Ebelere Yönelik Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları. (1. Baskı). İçinde. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 2015. p. 249-302.
Rados SN, Vranos HS, Surijic M. Sexuality during pregnant: What is important for sexual satisfaction in expectant fathers? Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 2015;1(3): 282-293.
Balci Yangin H, Eroğlu K. Investigation of the sexual behavior of pregnant women residing in squatter neighborhoods in Southwestern Turkey: A qualitative study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 2011; 37(3): 190-205.
Eryılmaz G, Ege E; Zincir H. Factors affecting sexual life during pregnancy in eastern Turkey. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004; 57(2): 103-108.
Khamis MA, Mustafa MF, Mohamed SN, Toson MM. Influence of gestational period on sexual behavior. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2007; 82(1-1): 65-90.
Kisa S, Zeyneloglu S, Yilmaz D, Guner T. Quality of sexual life and its effect on marital adjustment of Turkish woman in pregnancy. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy.2013; 40(4): 309-322.
Bilen Sadi Z, Aksu H. Gebelikte eşlerin cinsel yaşamı ve etkileyen etmenlerin incelenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016; 19(2): 128-138.
Şentürk Erenel A, Eroğlu K, Vural G, Dilbaz B. A pilot study: in what ways do women in Turkey experience a change in their sexuality during pregnancy? Sexuality and Disability, 2011;29(3): 207-216.
Abouzari-Gazafroodi K, Najafi F, Kazemnejad E, Rahnama P, Montazeri A. Demographic and obstetric factors affecting women’s sexual functioning during pregnancy. Reprod. Health. 2015; 12: 72.
Vannier SA, Rosen NO. Sexual Distress and Sexual Problems During Pregnancy: Associations With Sexual and Relationship Satisfaction. J. Sex. Med. 2017; 14: 387–395.
Sagiv-Reiss MD, Birnbaum EG, Safir PM. Changes in Sexual Experiences and Relationship Quality during Pregnancy. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2012;41(5): 1241–1251.
Gönenç İM, Topuz Ş. Gebelik ve Cinsel Sağlık. Büyükkayacı Duman N (ed.). Cinsel Sağlık. (1. baskı). İçinde. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2019. p.187-193.
Aston G. Sexuality During and After Pregnancy. In: Andrews G, eds. Women’s Sexual Health.3rd ed. London: Elsevier Ltd; 2005.p.169-195.
Efe H, Bozkurt M, Sahin L, Mutlu MF, Api M, Çetin A. The effects of pregnancy on the sexual life of Turkish women. Proceed Obstet Gynecol 2014;4(1):1-11.
Galazka I, Drosdzol-Cop A, Naworska B, Czajkowska M, Skrzypulec-Plinta V. Changes in the Sexual Function During Pregnancy. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2015; 12(2): 445–454.
Pamuk, T. Gebelerin cinselliğe karşı tutumunun cinsel işleve etkisi. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Ordu: Ordu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı, 2021.
Gökyıldız Ş, Beji NK. The effects of pregnancy on sexual life. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 2005; 31 (3): 201-215.
Beyazıt F, Pek E, Şahin B. Alterations in sexual functions during and after pregnancy: Prejudice? or Real? Klinik Psikiyatri, 2018;21:397-406.
Lee JT. The meaning of sexual satisfaction in pregnant Taiwanese women. Journal of Midwifery&Womens Health, 2002; 47(4):278-286.
Arıca SG, Alkan S, Bali S, Mansuroğlu YE, Özer C. The effect of pregnancy over sexual life. Turkish Family Physican, 2011; 2 (3): 19-24.
Masters William H, Johnson Virgina E. Pregnancy and Sexual Response. In: Human Sexual Response. St Louis, Missouri: Ishi Press International; 1966: 141-170.
Erol B, Sanli O, Korkmaz D, Seyhan A, Akman T, Kadioglu A. A cross-sectional study of female sexual function and dysfunction during pregnancy. J Sex Med. 2007; 4:1381–1387.
Basson R. Women sexual dysfunctions: Revised and expanded definitions. CMAJ. 2005; 172:1327–1333.
Oyeyemi Ao, Asaolu Mf. Reproductive Hormones and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Cases in Nigerian Women. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Techology 2015; 9(3):10-14.
Pauleta JR, Pereira NM, Graça LM. Sexuality during pregnancy. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2010; 7(1 Pt 1): 136-142.
Zahumensky J, Zverina J, Sottner O, et al. Comparison of labor course and women’s sexuality in planned and unplanned pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 2008;29(3):159-165.
Makara-Studzinska M, Wdowiak A, Plewnik I, Krys KM. Sexuality of pregnant women. Seksuologia Polska. 2011; 9:85–90.
Malkoç Ö. Gebeliğin kadın seksüel fonksiyonuna etkisi. [Uzmanlık Tezi]. Kahramanmaraş: Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Üroloji Anabilim Dalı, 2010.
Gümüş BA, Çevik N, Hyusni HS, Biçen Ş, Keskin G, Malak, AT. Gebelikte benlik saygısı ve beden imajı ile ilişkili özellikler. Anatolian Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2011;5(1): 7-14.
Kennedy CM, Turcea AM, Bradley CS. Prevalence of vulvar and vaginal symptoms during pregnancy and the puerperium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009;105:236-239.
Mc Daniel M.L. Sexuality in Pregnancy. The Female Patient, 2007;32(8): 35-40.
Uncu Y. Gebelik ve Cinsel Yaşam. Türkiye Klinikleri J. Fam. Med.- Special Topics, 2014;5(5): 134-137.
Karabulutlu O. Effects of pregnancy on women sexualty. Kafkas J Med Sci 2018; 8 (Ek1):124-132.
Corbacioglu Esmer A, Akca A, Akbayir O, Goksedef BP, Bakir VL. Female sexual function and associated factors during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2013; 39: 1165–1172.
Jawed-Wessel S, Sevick E. The Impact of Pregnanc and Childbirth on Sexual Behaviors: A Systematic Review. J Sex Res. 2017;54:411-423.
Lutkiewicz K, Bidzan M. Sexual Activity of Pregnant Polish Womenand the Assessment of the Marital Relation Quality. Health Psychology Report. 2013;1(1): 9-17.
Torkestani F, Hadavand S, Khodashenase Z, et al. Frequency and Perception of Sexual Activity During Pregnancy in Iranian Couples. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 2012;6(2): 107-110.
Abalı Çetin S, Arslan Özkan H. Cinsel Sağlık. Arslan Özkan H (ed.). Hemşirelik ve Ebelik İçin Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları. (1.baskı). İçinde. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2019. p.53-76.
Ruveyda A, Aktaş S. Doğum Öncesi Bakım Nazik E.(ed.). Doğum, Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği. (1.baskı). İçinde. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2022. p.171-213.
Avcı N, Beji NK. (2011). Toplumlarda cinselliğe bakış, etkileyen faktörler. Türk Androloji Derneği Androloji Bülteni, 45, 155-160.
Bilgiç D, Demirel G, Dağlar G. Gebelerin gebelik dönemine ve doğuma ilişkin mitlerinin belirlenmesi. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni, 2018;49 (1): 59-64.
Lewis JA, Black JJ. Sexuality in Women of Childbearing Age. Journal of Perinatal Education, 2006; 15(2): 29-35.
Babacan SS. İnsan seksüalitesinin kültürel ve psikososyal yönleri. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 2011;11(1):131-136.
Shojaa M, Jouybari LM, Sanagoo, A. Common myths among a group of Iranian women concerning sexual relationships during pregnancy, Archives of Medical Science, 2009;5 (2):229–232.
Le J, Briggs GG, McKeown A, Bustillo G. Urinary tract infections during pregnancy. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2004; 38 (10):1692-1701.
Naim M, Bhutto E. Sexuality during pregnancy in Pakistani women. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association, 2000; 50(1): 33-38.
Aksoy A, Vefikuluçay Yılmaz D, Yılmaz M. What Affects Sexual Life In Pregnancy? Journal of Adnan Menderes University Health Sciences Faculty. 2019; 3(1): 45-53
Yeniel AO, Petri E. Pregnancy, childebirth and sexual function: preceptions and facts. International Urogynecology Journal, 2014; 25(1):5-14.
Kul Uçtu A, Bekmezci H, Özerdoğan N. Sexuality During Pregnancy. Gümüşhane University Journal Of Health Sciences, 2017; 6(3):171-175.
Karabulutlu O, Yılmaz D. Effects of Pregnancy on Female Sexuality. Int J Recent Sci Res. 2018;9(2(A)):23744-23752.
Hasani M, Keramat A, Maasoumi R, Farjamfar M, Yunesian M, Afshar B. The Frequency of Vaginal Intercourse During Pregnancy: A Systematic and Meta-Analysis Study. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 2019;7(1):1-9.
Kırıkkaleli Z. Gebelerin cinsel yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörler. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Lefkoşa: K.K.T.C. Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Programı, 2015.
Gümüşay M, Erbil N, Demirbağ BC. Investigation of sexual function and body image of pregnant women and sexual function of their partners. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2021;36 (2):296-310.
Beji NK, Özkan Z. Psikolojik ve kişilerarası etmenlerin cinsel fonksiyon üzerine etkileri. Androloji Bülteni, 2014;16 (58):203-208.
Moseley A. A’dan Z’ye Felsefe. İstanbul NTV Yayınları; 2010. s: 55-58.
Parrinder G (Çev: Elçi N.). Dünya Dinlerinde Cinsel Ahlak. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Say Yayınları; 2003. p. 355-367.
Taylor TF. The origins of human sexual culture. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality. 2007; 18(2): 69-105.
Bozdemir N, Özcan S. Cinselliğe ve cinsel sağlığa genel bakış. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care (TJFMPC). 2011; 5(4): 37-46.
World Health Organization. Sexual health. [cited 2022 July 18]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/sexual-health#tab=tab_2
Fok WY, Chan LYS, Yuen, PM. Sexual behavior and activity in Chinese pregnant women. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2005; 84: 934–938.
Chang SR, Chen KH, Lin HH, Yu HJ. Comparison of overall sexual function, sexual intercourse/activity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual desire during the three trimesters of pregnancy and assessment of their determinants. J. Sex. Med. 2011; 8: 2859–2867.
Regan PC, Lyle JL, Otto AL, Joshi A. Pregnancy and changes in female sexual desire: A review. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal. 2003;31:603-612.
Gürkan ÖC. Gebelik döneminde cinsellik nasıl etkileniyor?. Androloji Bülteni, 2007; 28: 80-85.
Tosun Güleroğlu F, Gördeles Beşer N. Evaluation of sexual functions of the pregnant women. J Sex Med. 2014;11:146-153.
Fuchs A, Czech I, Sikora J, et al. Sexual Functioning in Pregnant Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2019; 16: 4216.
Staruch M, Kucharczyk A, Zawadzka K, Wielgos M, Szymusik I. Sexual activity during pregnancy. Neuroendocrinology Letters. 2016; 37(1):53-58.
Košec T, Jug Došler A, Kusterle M, Mivšek, A.P. Sex life during pregnancy: survey among women. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 2019; 53(4): 280–287.
Kızılkaya Beji N, Dişsiz M. Gebelik ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı. Kızılkaya Beji N (ed.). Hemşire ve Ebelere Yönelik Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları. (1. Baskı). İçinde. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 2015. p. 249-302.
Rados SN, Vranos HS, Surijic M. Sexuality during pregnant: What is important for sexual satisfaction in expectant fathers? Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 2015;1(3): 282-293.
Balci Yangin H, Eroğlu K. Investigation of the sexual behavior of pregnant women residing in squatter neighborhoods in Southwestern Turkey: A qualitative study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 2011; 37(3): 190-205.
Eryılmaz G, Ege E; Zincir H. Factors affecting sexual life during pregnancy in eastern Turkey. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004; 57(2): 103-108.
Khamis MA, Mustafa MF, Mohamed SN, Toson MM. Influence of gestational period on sexual behavior. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2007; 82(1-1): 65-90.
Kisa S, Zeyneloglu S, Yilmaz D, Guner T. Quality of sexual life and its effect on marital adjustment of Turkish woman in pregnancy. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy.2013; 40(4): 309-322.
Bilen Sadi Z, Aksu H. Gebelikte eşlerin cinsel yaşamı ve etkileyen etmenlerin incelenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016; 19(2): 128-138.
Şentürk Erenel A, Eroğlu K, Vural G, Dilbaz B. A pilot study: in what ways do women in Turkey experience a change in their sexuality during pregnancy? Sexuality and Disability, 2011;29(3): 207-216.
Abouzari-Gazafroodi K, Najafi F, Kazemnejad E, Rahnama P, Montazeri A. Demographic and obstetric factors affecting women’s sexual functioning during pregnancy. Reprod. Health. 2015; 12: 72.
Vannier SA, Rosen NO. Sexual Distress and Sexual Problems During Pregnancy: Associations With Sexual and Relationship Satisfaction. J. Sex. Med. 2017; 14: 387–395.
Sagiv-Reiss MD, Birnbaum EG, Safir PM. Changes in Sexual Experiences and Relationship Quality during Pregnancy. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2012;41(5): 1241–1251.
Gönenç İM, Topuz Ş. Gebelik ve Cinsel Sağlık. Büyükkayacı Duman N (ed.). Cinsel Sağlık. (1. baskı). İçinde. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2019. p.187-193.
Aston G. Sexuality During and After Pregnancy. In: Andrews G, eds. Women’s Sexual Health.3rd ed. London: Elsevier Ltd; 2005.p.169-195.
Efe H, Bozkurt M, Sahin L, Mutlu MF, Api M, Çetin A. The effects of pregnancy on the sexual life of Turkish women. Proceed Obstet Gynecol 2014;4(1):1-11.
Galazka I, Drosdzol-Cop A, Naworska B, Czajkowska M, Skrzypulec-Plinta V. Changes in the Sexual Function During Pregnancy. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2015; 12(2): 445–454.
Pamuk, T. Gebelerin cinselliğe karşı tutumunun cinsel işleve etkisi. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Ordu: Ordu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı, 2021.
Gökyıldız Ş, Beji NK. The effects of pregnancy on sexual life. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 2005; 31 (3): 201-215.
Beyazıt F, Pek E, Şahin B. Alterations in sexual functions during and after pregnancy: Prejudice? or Real? Klinik Psikiyatri, 2018;21:397-406.
Lee JT. The meaning of sexual satisfaction in pregnant Taiwanese women. Journal of Midwifery&Womens Health, 2002; 47(4):278-286.
Arıca SG, Alkan S, Bali S, Mansuroğlu YE, Özer C. The effect of pregnancy over sexual life. Turkish Family Physican, 2011; 2 (3): 19-24.
Masters William H, Johnson Virgina E. Pregnancy and Sexual Response. In: Human Sexual Response. St Louis, Missouri: Ishi Press International; 1966: 141-170.
Erol B, Sanli O, Korkmaz D, Seyhan A, Akman T, Kadioglu A. A cross-sectional study of female sexual function and dysfunction during pregnancy. J Sex Med. 2007; 4:1381–1387.
Basson R. Women sexual dysfunctions: Revised and expanded definitions. CMAJ. 2005; 172:1327–1333.
Oyeyemi Ao, Asaolu Mf. Reproductive Hormones and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Cases in Nigerian Women. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Techology 2015; 9(3):10-14.
Pauleta JR, Pereira NM, Graça LM. Sexuality during pregnancy. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2010; 7(1 Pt 1): 136-142.
Zahumensky J, Zverina J, Sottner O, et al. Comparison of labor course and women’s sexuality in planned and unplanned pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol, 2008;29(3):159-165.
Makara-Studzinska M, Wdowiak A, Plewnik I, Krys KM. Sexuality of pregnant women. Seksuologia Polska. 2011; 9:85–90.
Malkoç Ö. Gebeliğin kadın seksüel fonksiyonuna etkisi. [Uzmanlık Tezi]. Kahramanmaraş: Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Üroloji Anabilim Dalı, 2010.
Gümüş BA, Çevik N, Hyusni HS, Biçen Ş, Keskin G, Malak, AT. Gebelikte benlik saygısı ve beden imajı ile ilişkili özellikler. Anatolian Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2011;5(1): 7-14.
Kennedy CM, Turcea AM, Bradley CS. Prevalence of vulvar and vaginal symptoms during pregnancy and the puerperium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009;105:236-239.
Mc Daniel M.L. Sexuality in Pregnancy. The Female Patient, 2007;32(8): 35-40.
Uncu Y. Gebelik ve Cinsel Yaşam. Türkiye Klinikleri J. Fam. Med.- Special Topics, 2014;5(5): 134-137.
Karabulutlu O. Effects of pregnancy on women sexualty. Kafkas J Med Sci 2018; 8 (Ek1):124-132.
Corbacioglu Esmer A, Akca A, Akbayir O, Goksedef BP, Bakir VL. Female sexual function and associated factors during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2013; 39: 1165–1172.
Jawed-Wessel S, Sevick E. The Impact of Pregnanc and Childbirth on Sexual Behaviors: A Systematic Review. J Sex Res. 2017;54:411-423.
Lutkiewicz K, Bidzan M. Sexual Activity of Pregnant Polish Womenand the Assessment of the Marital Relation Quality. Health Psychology Report. 2013;1(1): 9-17.
Torkestani F, Hadavand S, Khodashenase Z, et al. Frequency and Perception of Sexual Activity During Pregnancy in Iranian Couples. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 2012;6(2): 107-110.
Abalı Çetin S, Arslan Özkan H. Cinsel Sağlık. Arslan Özkan H (ed.). Hemşirelik ve Ebelik İçin Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları. (1.baskı). İçinde. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2019. p.53-76.
Ruveyda A, Aktaş S. Doğum Öncesi Bakım Nazik E.(ed.). Doğum, Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği. (1.baskı). İçinde. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2022. p.171-213.
Avcı N, Beji NK. (2011). Toplumlarda cinselliğe bakış, etkileyen faktörler. Türk Androloji Derneği Androloji Bülteni, 45, 155-160.
Bilgiç D, Demirel G, Dağlar G. Gebelerin gebelik dönemine ve doğuma ilişkin mitlerinin belirlenmesi. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni, 2018;49 (1): 59-64.
Lewis JA, Black JJ. Sexuality in Women of Childbearing Age. Journal of Perinatal Education, 2006; 15(2): 29-35.
Babacan SS. İnsan seksüalitesinin kültürel ve psikososyal yönleri. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 2011;11(1):131-136.
Shojaa M, Jouybari LM, Sanagoo, A. Common myths among a group of Iranian women concerning sexual relationships during pregnancy, Archives of Medical Science, 2009;5 (2):229–232.
Le J, Briggs GG, McKeown A, Bustillo G. Urinary tract infections during pregnancy. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2004; 38 (10):1692-1701.
Naim M, Bhutto E. Sexuality during pregnancy in Pakistani women. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association, 2000; 50(1): 33-38.
Aksoy A, Vefikuluçay Yılmaz D, Yılmaz M. What Affects Sexual Life In Pregnancy? Journal of Adnan Menderes University Health Sciences Faculty. 2019; 3(1): 45-53
Yeniel AO, Petri E. Pregnancy, childebirth and sexual function: preceptions and facts. International Urogynecology Journal, 2014; 25(1):5-14.
Kul Uçtu A, Bekmezci H, Özerdoğan N. Sexuality During Pregnancy. Gümüşhane University Journal Of Health Sciences, 2017; 6(3):171-175.
Karabulutlu O, Yılmaz D. Effects of Pregnancy on Female Sexuality. Int J Recent Sci Res. 2018;9(2(A)):23744-23752.
Hasani M, Keramat A, Maasoumi R, Farjamfar M, Yunesian M, Afshar B. The Frequency of Vaginal Intercourse During Pregnancy: A Systematic and Meta-Analysis Study. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 2019;7(1):1-9.
Kırıkkaleli Z. Gebelerin cinsel yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörler. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Lefkoşa: K.K.T.C. Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Programı, 2015.
Gümüşay M, Erbil N, Demirbağ BC. Investigation of sexual function and body image of pregnant women and sexual function of their partners. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2021;36 (2):296-310.
Beji NK, Özkan Z. Psikolojik ve kişilerarası etmenlerin cinsel fonksiyon üzerine etkileri. Androloji Bülteni, 2014;16 (58):203-208.
Sayfalar
349-362
Gelecek
19 Mart 2024
Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap Portalı
