Cinsel Sapmalar (Parafililer)
Özet
Parafili terimi ilk olarak Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı 3. baskıda (DSM-III) nesnelere, durumlara veya rıza göstermeyen bireylere atipik cinsel uyarılmayı tanımlamak için kullanılan bir biyomedikal terim olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Güncelenen DSM-V kriterleri ile parafili terimine yeni bir bakış açısı getirilmiştir. Bu rehber doğrultusunda her parafili tanısından sonra bozukluk terimi eklenerek, parafili olgularının üzerine yoğunlaşılmaya başlanılmıştır. İnsidansı incelendiğinde kıta, dil, din gibi etnik özellikler fark etmeksizin dünyanın birçok yerinde görülmektedir. Etiyolojisi hakkında tartışmalar halen devam etmektedir. Parafililerin kesin ve net bir belirtisi bulunmamaktadır. Rehberlere göre her parafili çeşidi kendi içerisinde farklı belirti ve bulgularla ortaya çıkmaktadır ancak DSM-V’e göre bir parafilik bozukluktan söz etmek için o belirtinin 6 ay boyunca bireyde olması gerekmektedir. Tedavi yöntemi ise bireyin bozukluk düzeyine yönelik düzenlenmektedir.
Referanslar
Chatterjee S, Student MBBS. Paraphilia: Concepts, classifications, epidemiology, attributes and management. Indian Journal of Health. 2019; 5(2), 42-54
Joyal CC. Controversies in the definition of paraphilia. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2018; 15(10), 1378-1380. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.08.005
Janssen DF. “Paraphilia”: Acultural or anti-anthropological. Sexual Offender Treatment. 2014; 9(2), 1-13.
Moser C. DSM-5, paraphilias, and the paraphilic disorders: Confusion reigns. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2019; 48(3), 681-689. doi: 10.1007/s10508-018-1356-7
Beech AR, Harkins L. DSM-IV paraphilia: Descriptions, demographics and treatment interventions. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2012; 17(6), 527-539. doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2012.07.008
American Psychiatric Association. Paraphilic Disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. 1st ed. America; 2013. p.685-700.
Bártová K, Androvičová R, Krejčová L, et al. The prevalence of paraphilic interests in the Czech population: Preference, arousal, the use of pornography, fantasy, and behavior. The Journal of Sex Research. 2021; 58(1), 86-96. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1707468
Joyal CC, Carpentier J. The prevalence of paraphilic interests and behaviors in the general population: A provincial survey. The Journal of Sex Research. 2017; 54(2), 161-171. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1139034
Ahlers CJ, Schaefer GA, Mundt IA, et al. How unusual are the contents of paraphilias? Paraphilia-associated sexual arousal patterns in a community-based sample of men. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2011; 8(5), 1362-1370. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01597.x
Williams KM, Cooper BS, Howell TM, et al. Inferring sexually deviant behavior from corresponding fantasies: The role of personality and pornography consumption. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2009; 36(2), 198-222. doi: 10.1177/0093854808327277
Çetin FH, Şener Ş, İşeri E, et al. Zeka geriliğine bağlı uygunsuz cinsel arayışlar veya transvestik fetişizm: Bir olgu sunumu. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2015;16 (6): 454-457. doi: 10.5455/apd.1414665797
Oğuz N, Uygur N. Bir Olgu Nedeniyle Bebek Bezi Fetişizmi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2005; 16(2): 133.
Fromberger P, Jordan K, Müller JL. Pedophilia: etiology, diagnostics and therapy. Der Nervenarzt. 2013; 84, 1123-1135. doi: 10.1007/s00115-013-3805-9
Cengiz M, Cezayirli E, Bayoglu B, ve ark. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met and brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met gene polymorphisms in paraphilic sexual offenders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2019; 61(3), 253. doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_194_18
Townsend MC, Morgan KI. Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company; 2017. p. 652-656.
Kamenskov MY, Gurina OI. Neurotransmitter mechanisms of paraphilic disorders. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni SS Korsakova. 2019; 119(8), 61-67. doi: 10.17116/jnevro201911908161
Soldati L, Bianchi-Demicheli F, Schockaert P, et al. Association of ADHD and hypersexuality and paraphilias. Psychiatry Research. 2021; 295, 113638. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113638
Fisher KA, Marwaha R. Paraphilia. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2022. p. 312-321.
Craig LA, Bartels RM. An Overview of Sexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders. In: Craig LA, Bartels RM (eds) Sexual Deviance. John Wiley and Sons; 2021. p. 27-100.
Beech AR, Miner MH, Thornton D. Paraphilias in the DSM-5. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2016; 12 (1), 383-406. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093330
Thomas AG, Stone B, Bennett P, et al. Sex differences in voyeuristic and exhibitionistic interests: Exploring the mediating roles of sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity from an evolutionary perspective. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2021; 50(5), 2151-2162. doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-01991-0
Balon R. Voyeuristic Disorder. In: Balon, R. (ed) Practical Guide to Paraphilia and Paraphilic Disorders. 1st ed. Springer; 2016. p.77-91.
Clark SK, Jeglic EL, Calkins C, et al. More than a nuisance: the prevalence and consequences of frotteurism and exhibitionism. Sexual Abuse. 2016; 28(1), 3-19. doi: 10.1177/1079063214525643
Långström N, Seto MC. Exhibitionistic and voyeuristic behavior in a Swedish national population survey. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2006; 35, 427-435. doi: 10.1007/s10508-006-9042-6
Kantha SS, Matsui Y. Frotteurism in Japan and Other Asian Countries. International Medical Journal. 2021; 28(4), 470-475.
Johnson RS, Ostermeyer B, Sikes KA, et al. Prevalence and treatment of frotteurism in the community: a systematic review. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online. 2014; 42(4), 478-483.
Kalra G. The depressive façade in a case of compulsive sex behavior with frottage. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 55(2), 183. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.111460
De Neef N, Coppens V, Huys W, et al. Bondage-discipline, dominance-submission and sadomasochism (BDSM) from an integrative biopsychosocial perspective: A systematic review. Sexual Medicine. 2019; 7(2), 129-144. doi: 10.1016/j.esxm.2019.02.002
Joyal CC, Cossette A, Lapierre V. What exactly is an unusual sexual fantasy?. The journal of Sexual Medicine. 2015; 12(2), 328-340. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12734
Powls J, Davies J. A descriptive review of research relating to sadomasochism: Considerations for clinical practice. Deviant Behavior. 2012; 33(3), 223-234. doi: 10.1080/01639625.2011.573391
Krueger RB. The DSM diagnostic criteria for sexual masochism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2010; 39 (1), 346-356. doi: 10.1007/s10508-010-9613-4
McManus MA, Hargreaves P, Rainbow L, et al. Paraphilias: definition, diagnosis and treatment. F1000Prime Reports. 2013; 5. doi: 10.12703/P5-36
Kraus C, Strohm K, Hill A, et al. Selektive Serotoninwiederaufnahmehemmer (SSRI) in der Behandlung von Paraphilien [Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) in the treatment of paraphilia: a retrospective study]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2007; 75:351–356. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-944261
Walter M, Witzel J, Wiebking C, et al. Pedophilia is linked to reduced activation in hypothalamus and lateral prefrontal cortex during visual erotic stimulation. Biological Psychiatry. 2007; 62(6), 698-701. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.018
Poeppl TB, Nitschke J, Dombert B, et al. Functional cortical and subcortical abnormalities in pedophilia: a combined study using a choice reaction time task and fMRI. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2011; 8(6), 1660-1674. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02248.x
Saleh FM, Guidry LL. Psychosocial and biological treatment considerations for the paraphilic and nonparaphilic sex offender. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. 2003;31(4):486–93.
Blanchard R. The DSM, diagnostic criteria for transvestic fetishism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2010; 39 :363. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9541-3
Fedoroff JP. Transvestic disorder. In: The paraphilias: Changing suits in the evolution of sexual interest paradigms. 1st ed. Oxford University Press; 2019. p. 196-206.
Marshall WL, Marshall LE. Psychological treatment of the paraphilias: a review and an appraisal of effectiveness. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2015; 17 (1), 1-6. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0580-2
Thibaut F. Pharmacological treatment of paraphilias. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences. 2012; 49(4), 297-305.
Thibaut F, Cosyns P, Fedoroff JP, et al. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) 2020 guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of paraphilic disorders. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. 2020; 21(6), 412-490. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1744723
Holoyda BJ, Kellaher DC. The biological treatment of paraphilic disorders: an updated review. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2018; 18 (1), 1-7. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0649.
Moser C. Yet another paraphilia definition fails. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2011; 40(3), 483-485. doi: 10.1007/s10508-010-9717-x
Jordan Halter M. Sexual dysfunction, gender dysporia and paraphilias. In: Jordan Halter M (ed), Varcaroli’s Foundations of Psyciatric-Mental Health Nursing. 8th ed. Elsevier, p 817-838.
Moorhead S, Swanson E, Johnson M, Maas M. Nursing outcomes classification (NOC): Measurement of Health Outcomes. 6th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018, p 312-410.
Butcher HK, Bulechek GM, Dochterman JMC, Wagner CM. Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). 7th ed. St. Louis Missouri: Elsevier; 2018, p:255-310.
Herzog EA. Adults. In: Varcarolis EM, Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. 3th ed. Elsevier, 2017, p 426-428.
Joyal CC. Controversies in the definition of paraphilia. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2018; 15(10), 1378-1380. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.08.005
Janssen DF. “Paraphilia”: Acultural or anti-anthropological. Sexual Offender Treatment. 2014; 9(2), 1-13.
Moser C. DSM-5, paraphilias, and the paraphilic disorders: Confusion reigns. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2019; 48(3), 681-689. doi: 10.1007/s10508-018-1356-7
Beech AR, Harkins L. DSM-IV paraphilia: Descriptions, demographics and treatment interventions. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2012; 17(6), 527-539. doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2012.07.008
American Psychiatric Association. Paraphilic Disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. 1st ed. America; 2013. p.685-700.
Bártová K, Androvičová R, Krejčová L, et al. The prevalence of paraphilic interests in the Czech population: Preference, arousal, the use of pornography, fantasy, and behavior. The Journal of Sex Research. 2021; 58(1), 86-96. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1707468
Joyal CC, Carpentier J. The prevalence of paraphilic interests and behaviors in the general population: A provincial survey. The Journal of Sex Research. 2017; 54(2), 161-171. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1139034
Ahlers CJ, Schaefer GA, Mundt IA, et al. How unusual are the contents of paraphilias? Paraphilia-associated sexual arousal patterns in a community-based sample of men. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2011; 8(5), 1362-1370. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01597.x
Williams KM, Cooper BS, Howell TM, et al. Inferring sexually deviant behavior from corresponding fantasies: The role of personality and pornography consumption. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2009; 36(2), 198-222. doi: 10.1177/0093854808327277
Çetin FH, Şener Ş, İşeri E, et al. Zeka geriliğine bağlı uygunsuz cinsel arayışlar veya transvestik fetişizm: Bir olgu sunumu. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2015;16 (6): 454-457. doi: 10.5455/apd.1414665797
Oğuz N, Uygur N. Bir Olgu Nedeniyle Bebek Bezi Fetişizmi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2005; 16(2): 133.
Fromberger P, Jordan K, Müller JL. Pedophilia: etiology, diagnostics and therapy. Der Nervenarzt. 2013; 84, 1123-1135. doi: 10.1007/s00115-013-3805-9
Cengiz M, Cezayirli E, Bayoglu B, ve ark. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met and brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met gene polymorphisms in paraphilic sexual offenders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2019; 61(3), 253. doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_194_18
Townsend MC, Morgan KI. Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company; 2017. p. 652-656.
Kamenskov MY, Gurina OI. Neurotransmitter mechanisms of paraphilic disorders. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni SS Korsakova. 2019; 119(8), 61-67. doi: 10.17116/jnevro201911908161
Soldati L, Bianchi-Demicheli F, Schockaert P, et al. Association of ADHD and hypersexuality and paraphilias. Psychiatry Research. 2021; 295, 113638. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113638
Fisher KA, Marwaha R. Paraphilia. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2022. p. 312-321.
Craig LA, Bartels RM. An Overview of Sexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders. In: Craig LA, Bartels RM (eds) Sexual Deviance. John Wiley and Sons; 2021. p. 27-100.
Beech AR, Miner MH, Thornton D. Paraphilias in the DSM-5. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2016; 12 (1), 383-406. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093330
Thomas AG, Stone B, Bennett P, et al. Sex differences in voyeuristic and exhibitionistic interests: Exploring the mediating roles of sociosexuality and sexual compulsivity from an evolutionary perspective. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2021; 50(5), 2151-2162. doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-01991-0
Balon R. Voyeuristic Disorder. In: Balon, R. (ed) Practical Guide to Paraphilia and Paraphilic Disorders. 1st ed. Springer; 2016. p.77-91.
Clark SK, Jeglic EL, Calkins C, et al. More than a nuisance: the prevalence and consequences of frotteurism and exhibitionism. Sexual Abuse. 2016; 28(1), 3-19. doi: 10.1177/1079063214525643
Långström N, Seto MC. Exhibitionistic and voyeuristic behavior in a Swedish national population survey. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2006; 35, 427-435. doi: 10.1007/s10508-006-9042-6
Kantha SS, Matsui Y. Frotteurism in Japan and Other Asian Countries. International Medical Journal. 2021; 28(4), 470-475.
Johnson RS, Ostermeyer B, Sikes KA, et al. Prevalence and treatment of frotteurism in the community: a systematic review. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online. 2014; 42(4), 478-483.
Kalra G. The depressive façade in a case of compulsive sex behavior with frottage. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 55(2), 183. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.111460
De Neef N, Coppens V, Huys W, et al. Bondage-discipline, dominance-submission and sadomasochism (BDSM) from an integrative biopsychosocial perspective: A systematic review. Sexual Medicine. 2019; 7(2), 129-144. doi: 10.1016/j.esxm.2019.02.002
Joyal CC, Cossette A, Lapierre V. What exactly is an unusual sexual fantasy?. The journal of Sexual Medicine. 2015; 12(2), 328-340. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12734
Powls J, Davies J. A descriptive review of research relating to sadomasochism: Considerations for clinical practice. Deviant Behavior. 2012; 33(3), 223-234. doi: 10.1080/01639625.2011.573391
Krueger RB. The DSM diagnostic criteria for sexual masochism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2010; 39 (1), 346-356. doi: 10.1007/s10508-010-9613-4
McManus MA, Hargreaves P, Rainbow L, et al. Paraphilias: definition, diagnosis and treatment. F1000Prime Reports. 2013; 5. doi: 10.12703/P5-36
Kraus C, Strohm K, Hill A, et al. Selektive Serotoninwiederaufnahmehemmer (SSRI) in der Behandlung von Paraphilien [Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) in the treatment of paraphilia: a retrospective study]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2007; 75:351–356. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-944261
Walter M, Witzel J, Wiebking C, et al. Pedophilia is linked to reduced activation in hypothalamus and lateral prefrontal cortex during visual erotic stimulation. Biological Psychiatry. 2007; 62(6), 698-701. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.018
Poeppl TB, Nitschke J, Dombert B, et al. Functional cortical and subcortical abnormalities in pedophilia: a combined study using a choice reaction time task and fMRI. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2011; 8(6), 1660-1674. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02248.x
Saleh FM, Guidry LL. Psychosocial and biological treatment considerations for the paraphilic and nonparaphilic sex offender. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. 2003;31(4):486–93.
Blanchard R. The DSM, diagnostic criteria for transvestic fetishism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2010; 39 :363. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9541-3
Fedoroff JP. Transvestic disorder. In: The paraphilias: Changing suits in the evolution of sexual interest paradigms. 1st ed. Oxford University Press; 2019. p. 196-206.
Marshall WL, Marshall LE. Psychological treatment of the paraphilias: a review and an appraisal of effectiveness. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2015; 17 (1), 1-6. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0580-2
Thibaut F. Pharmacological treatment of paraphilias. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences. 2012; 49(4), 297-305.
Thibaut F, Cosyns P, Fedoroff JP, et al. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) 2020 guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of paraphilic disorders. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. 2020; 21(6), 412-490. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1744723
Holoyda BJ, Kellaher DC. The biological treatment of paraphilic disorders: an updated review. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2018; 18 (1), 1-7. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0649.
Moser C. Yet another paraphilia definition fails. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2011; 40(3), 483-485. doi: 10.1007/s10508-010-9717-x
Jordan Halter M. Sexual dysfunction, gender dysporia and paraphilias. In: Jordan Halter M (ed), Varcaroli’s Foundations of Psyciatric-Mental Health Nursing. 8th ed. Elsevier, p 817-838.
Moorhead S, Swanson E, Johnson M, Maas M. Nursing outcomes classification (NOC): Measurement of Health Outcomes. 6th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018, p 312-410.
Butcher HK, Bulechek GM, Dochterman JMC, Wagner CM. Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). 7th ed. St. Louis Missouri: Elsevier; 2018, p:255-310.
Herzog EA. Adults. In: Varcarolis EM, Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. 3th ed. Elsevier, 2017, p 426-428.
Sayfalar
295-320
Gelecek
19 Mart 2024
Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap Portalı
Lisans
LisansNasıl Atıf Yapılır
1.
Sis Çelik A, Solmaz E. Cinsel Sapmalar (Parafililer). Içinde: Karabulutlu Ö, editör. Her Yönüyle Cinsel Sağlık [Internet]. Türkiye: Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap DOI Portalı; 2024 [a.yer 13 Temmuz 2026]. ss. 295-320. Erişim adresi: https://www.omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/3000/chapter/13845
