Gülümsemenin Değerlendirilmesinde Bilimsel Parametreler
Özet
Gülümseme spontan gülümseme ve poz gülümsemesi olarak temelde iki tipte gerçekleşir. Spontan gülümseme kaslara bağlıdır ve duygulardan bağımsız olarak şekillenir. Estetik bir gülümseme yaratabilmek için öncelikle bireyin sahip olduğu anatomik koşullar tespit edilmelidir. Gülümseme arkının dudak kurvatürü ile paralel seyretmesi ve yeterli genişlikte olması, dişlerin belli oranlarda görünmesi, dişetinin görünümünün ve bukkal koridorda karanlık alanların minimum olması güzel algılanır. Gülümseme değerlendirilirken anatomik faktörler kadar dişeti, dentolabial ve fonetik analizler de rol sahibidir. İdeal bir gülümseme bireyin ağız çevresi hareket paternlerine paralel, fizyolojik ve biyolojik açıdan sürdürülebilir olmalıdır. Dişlerdeki morfolojik bozukluklar ya da diş eksikliği estetiği olumsuz etkilemektedir. Orta hat diasteması ve kontaktlardaki diastema da estetik olarak istenmeyen dental faktörlerdendir. Gülüş tasarımı son yıllarda popüler bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıksa da herkes için tek tip bir güzellik algısı yaratılmaya çalışılması kabul edilemez. Bireylerin kendine özgü karakteristik özelliklerine uygun olarak bunun yanında motivasyonu bozan çapraşıklık, kron renklenmeleri ya da kassal anomaliler varsa elimine edilerek bireye özgü güzel bir gülüş kazandırmaya çalışılmalıdır. Çekici bir gülüşe sahip olmak bireyin kendine olan güvenini artıracak ve yaşam kalitesine pozitif anlamda katkı sağlayacaktır.
There are two types of smiles: spontaneous smile and posed smile. A spontaneous smile is dependent on muscles and is shaped independently of emotions. To create an aesthetic smile, the anatomical conditions of the individual must first be determined. The smile arc should be parallel to the lip curvature and sufficiently wide, the teeth should be visible at certain rates, the appearance of the gums and the minimum dark areas in the buccal corridor are perceived as beautiful. While evaluating the smile, gingival, dentolabial and phonetic analyses play a role as much as anatomical factors. An ideal smile should be parallel to the individual's mouth area movement patterns and be physiologically and biologically sustainable. Morphological disorders or tooth loss in teeth negatively affect esthetics. Midline diastema and diastema in contacts are also aesthetically undesirable dental factors. Although, smile design has emerged as a popular concept in recent years, creating a single type of beauty perception for everyone is unacceptable. In addition to the unique characteristics of individuals, if there are any crowding, crown discolorations, or muscular anomalies that disrupt motivation, an effort should be made to provide a beautiful smile specific to the individual. Having an attractive smile will increase the individual's self-confidence and contribute positively to the quality of life.
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