Gerodontoloji ve Periodontal Durum
Özet
Fizyolojik bir süreç olan yaşlılık, vücudun katabolizma hızının artmasıyla karakterizedir. Bu durum, sistemik olarak birçok patolojiye sebep olabilir Diyabet, hipertansiyon, Parkinson, Alzehimer gibi hastalıkların insidansının yaş ile artmasının yanı sıra, yaşlanmayla birlikte fizyolojik olarak kollajen ve elastikiyet kaybı, yaraların geç iyileşmesi, proinflamatuar sitokinlerin nüfusunda artış gibi değişikler de izlenmektedir. Yaşlanmanın oral dokulara etkileri de kaçınılmazdır. Diş kayıpları, protetik restorasyon rehabilitasyonu, periodontal problemler, kserostomi gibi etkiler oral mukozanın yaşlandığının göstergelerindendir. Yaşlanmanın getirdiği bu fizyolojik, psikolojik ve somatik değişiklikler bu hasta grubunu farklı bir kategoride değerlendirme ihtiyacını öne çıkarmıştır.
Gerodontoloji, yaşlıların ağız sağlığı ile ilgilenen bilim dalıdır. Bu bilim dalı başarılı oral yaşlanmanın sağlanmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Genç yaşlarda kazanılan ağız hijyeni alışkanlıklarının ve rutin diş hekimi muayenelerinin yaşlanmanın etkilerini minimalize ettiğini savunmaktadırlar. Bu nedenle bu bilim dalı hem başarılı yaşlanma ile hem de yaşlı bireylerdeki ağız sağlığı ile ilgilenerek toplumun her kesimine hitap etmektedir. Diş hekimleri ve sağlık profesyonelleri, yaşlanmayla gelişen patolojileri ve fizyolojik değişimleri ancak farkındalık ve bilgi birikimleri ile çözebilmektedir. Gerodontoloji branşı her diş hekimliği fakültesinde lisans ve lisansüstü ders müfredatında yer almalıdır. 65 yaş üstü bireyler başarılı oral yaşlanma konusunda bilgilendirilmeli ve gerekli tedavilere ulaşmalıdır.
Aging, a physiological process, is characterized by an increase in the body's catabolism rate. This situation can cause many pathologies systemically. In addition to the increase in the incidence of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease with age, physiological changes such as loss of collagen and elasticity, delayed healing of wounds, and an increase in the population of pro-inflammatory cytokines are also observed with aging. The effects of aging on oral tissues are also inevitable. Effects such as tooth loss, prosthetic restoration rehabilitation, periodontal problems, and xerostomia are indicators of aging of the oral mucosa. These physiological, psychological and somatic changes brought about by aging have highlighted the need to evaluate this patient group in a different category. Gerodontology is the branch of science that deals with the oral health of the elderly. This branch of science plays an important role in ensuring successful oral aging. They argue that oral hygiene habits acquired at a young age and routine dentist examinations minimize the effects of aging. For this reason, this branch of science appeals to all segments of society by dealing with both successful aging and oral health in elderly individuals. Dentists and health professionals can only solve the pathologies and physiological changes that develop with aging with their awareness and knowledge. Gerodontology branch should be included in the undergraduate and graduate course curricula in every faculty of dentistry. Individuals over the age of 65 should be informed about successful oral aging and have access to the necessary treatments.
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