Investigation of the Frequency and Causes of Anemia in Patients With Hypothyroidism in The Eastern Blacksea Region
References
Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Feb;87(2):489-99. doi: 10.1210/jcem.87.2.8182.
Wilson GR, Curry RW Jr. Subclinical thyroid disease. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15;72(8):1517-24.
Fandrey J, Pagel H, Frede S,et al. Thyroid hormones enhance hypoxia-induced erythropoietin production in vitro. Exp Hematol. 1994 Mar;22(3):272-7.
Antonijević N, Nesović M, Trbojević B, et al. Anemije u hipotireozi [Anemia in hypothyroidism]. Med Pregl. 1999 Mar-May;52(3-5):136-40. Croatian.
Christ-Crain M, Meier C, Huber P, et al. Effect of restoration of euthyroidism on peripheral blood cells and erythropoietin in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Hormones (Athens). 2003 Oct-Dec;2(4):237-42. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.11105.
Das C, Sahana PK, Sengupta N, et al. Etiology of anemia in primary hypothyroid subjects in a tertiary care center in Eastern India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Dec;16(Suppl 2):S361-3. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.104093.
Jabbar A, Yawar A, Waseem S, et al. Vitamin B12 deficiency common in primary hypothyroidism. J Pak Med Assoc. 2008 May;58(5):258-61. Erratum in: J Pak Med Assoc. 2009 Feb;59(2):126. Wasim, Sabeha [corrected to Waseem, Sabiha].
Erdogan M, Kösenli A, Ganidagli S, et al. Characteristics of anemia in subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients. Endocr J. 2012;59(3):213-20. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0096.
Vanderpump MP. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. Br Med Bull. 2011;99:39-51. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr030.
Benoist B, McLean E, Egli I, et al. (2008) Worldwide prevalence of anemia 1993-2005; Global database on anemia. WHO Geneva: 1-2.
Bremner AP, Feddema P, Joske DJ, et al. Significant association between thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices in euthyroid subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012 Feb;76(2):304-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04228.x.
Cinemre H, Bilir C, Gokosmanoglu F, et al. Hematologic effects of levothyroxine in iron-deficient subclinical hypothyroid patients: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Jan;94(1):151-6. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1440.
Khatiwada S, Gelal B, Baral N, et al. Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children. Thyroid Res. 2016 Jan 27;9:2. doi: 10.1186/s13044-016-0031-0.
Kühr T, Hala K, Dietrich H, et al. Genetically determined target organ susceptibility in the pathogenesis of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis: aberrant expression of MHC-class II antigens and the possible role of virus. J Autoimmun. 1994 Feb;7(1):13-25. doi: 10.1006/jaut.1994.1002.
Patil BM, Kumar VS, Anusha K. A Clinical and Etiological Study of Anemia in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism. J Med Sci 2018;4(2):48-51.
McLean E, de Benoist B, Allen LH. Review of the magnitude of folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies worldwide. Food Nutr Bull. 2008 Jun;29(2 Suppl):S38-51. doi: 10.1177/15648265080292S107.
Das KC, Mukherjee M, Sarkar TK, et al. Erythropoiesis and erythropoietin in hypo- and hyperthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1975 Feb;40(2):211-20. doi: 10.1210/jcem-40-2-211.
Wang YP, Lin HP, Chen HM, et al. Hemoglobin, iron, and vitamin B12 deficiencies and high blood homocysteine levels in patients with anti-thyroid autoantibodies. J Formos Med Assoc. 2014 Mar;113(3):155-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.04.003.
Wilson GR, Curry RW Jr. Subclinical thyroid disease. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15;72(8):1517-24.
Fandrey J, Pagel H, Frede S,et al. Thyroid hormones enhance hypoxia-induced erythropoietin production in vitro. Exp Hematol. 1994 Mar;22(3):272-7.
Antonijević N, Nesović M, Trbojević B, et al. Anemije u hipotireozi [Anemia in hypothyroidism]. Med Pregl. 1999 Mar-May;52(3-5):136-40. Croatian.
Christ-Crain M, Meier C, Huber P, et al. Effect of restoration of euthyroidism on peripheral blood cells and erythropoietin in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Hormones (Athens). 2003 Oct-Dec;2(4):237-42. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.11105.
Das C, Sahana PK, Sengupta N, et al. Etiology of anemia in primary hypothyroid subjects in a tertiary care center in Eastern India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Dec;16(Suppl 2):S361-3. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.104093.
Jabbar A, Yawar A, Waseem S, et al. Vitamin B12 deficiency common in primary hypothyroidism. J Pak Med Assoc. 2008 May;58(5):258-61. Erratum in: J Pak Med Assoc. 2009 Feb;59(2):126. Wasim, Sabeha [corrected to Waseem, Sabiha].
Erdogan M, Kösenli A, Ganidagli S, et al. Characteristics of anemia in subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients. Endocr J. 2012;59(3):213-20. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0096.
Vanderpump MP. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. Br Med Bull. 2011;99:39-51. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr030.
Benoist B, McLean E, Egli I, et al. (2008) Worldwide prevalence of anemia 1993-2005; Global database on anemia. WHO Geneva: 1-2.
Bremner AP, Feddema P, Joske DJ, et al. Significant association between thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices in euthyroid subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012 Feb;76(2):304-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04228.x.
Cinemre H, Bilir C, Gokosmanoglu F, et al. Hematologic effects of levothyroxine in iron-deficient subclinical hypothyroid patients: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Jan;94(1):151-6. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1440.
Khatiwada S, Gelal B, Baral N, et al. Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children. Thyroid Res. 2016 Jan 27;9:2. doi: 10.1186/s13044-016-0031-0.
Kühr T, Hala K, Dietrich H, et al. Genetically determined target organ susceptibility in the pathogenesis of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis: aberrant expression of MHC-class II antigens and the possible role of virus. J Autoimmun. 1994 Feb;7(1):13-25. doi: 10.1006/jaut.1994.1002.
Patil BM, Kumar VS, Anusha K. A Clinical and Etiological Study of Anemia in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism. J Med Sci 2018;4(2):48-51.
McLean E, de Benoist B, Allen LH. Review of the magnitude of folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies worldwide. Food Nutr Bull. 2008 Jun;29(2 Suppl):S38-51. doi: 10.1177/15648265080292S107.
Das KC, Mukherjee M, Sarkar TK, et al. Erythropoiesis and erythropoietin in hypo- and hyperthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1975 Feb;40(2):211-20. doi: 10.1210/jcem-40-2-211.
Wang YP, Lin HP, Chen HM, et al. Hemoglobin, iron, and vitamin B12 deficiencies and high blood homocysteine levels in patients with anti-thyroid autoantibodies. J Formos Med Assoc. 2014 Mar;113(3):155-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.04.003.
Pages
27-36
Published
April 23, 2024
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İlkkılıç K, Algun E. Investigation of the Frequency and Causes of Anemia in Patients With Hypothyroidism in The Eastern Blacksea Region. In: Kadiroğlu AK, editor. General Internal Medicine VI (Spring) [Internet]. Türkiye: Academician Publishing Book DOI Portal; 2024 [cited 2026 Jul. 13]. pp. 27-36. Available from: https://www.omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/3053/chapter/13727