Endodontik Periodontal Lezyonlar
Synopsis
Endodontik-periodontal lezyonların (EPL) ağızda birden fazla faktörün neden olduğu kronik inflamatuar lezyonlardır. Diş ve çevre dokularının incelenmesi sonucunda bazı anatomik yapılara bağlı olarak kökte bulunan kanallar ile periodonsiyum arasında yakın ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu anatomik ve fizyolojik olmayan yollar aracılıyla dişin pulpa dokusu ve periodontal ligamenti arasında enfeksiyonun geçişi olabilmektedir. EPL lezyonundan etkilenen ileri derecede riskli dişler genellikle umutsuz bir prognoza sahiptir, bu nedenle bu lezyonların teşhisi ve prognozu klinisyenler tarafından oldukça zorlayıcıdır. EPL etiyolojisi, tedavi seçeneklerinin zamanlaması ve sıralaması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bazı lezyonlarda endodontik veya periodontal tedavi tek başına yeterli olurken, ikincil olarak periodontal veya endodontik lezyonlar eklendiğinde veya gerçek kombine lezyonlarının varlığında kombine tedavi seçeneklerine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Kombine lezyonlarının tedavisi arasında cerrahi olan veya cerrahi olmayan yöntemlerden kullanılmaktadır. 2018 yılından bu yana EPL’larının sınıflamasına göre travmatik ve iatrojenik faktörlerin doğru teşhis konulmasına ve ona göre uygun tedavi yapılmasına klinisyenler için büyük önem kazanmıştır.
Endodontic-periodontal lesions (EPL) are chronic inflammatory lesions in the mouth caused by multiple factors. As a result of the examination of the tooth and surrounding tissues, it was determined that there is a close relationship between the canals in the root and the periodontium, depending on some anatomical structures. There may be infection transmission routes between the pulp tissue and periodontal ligament of the tooth through these anatomical and non-physiological pathways. High-risk teeth affected by EPL lesions generally have a hopeless prognosis, so the diagnosis and prognosis of these lesions is quite challenging for clinicians. EPL etiology, timing and sequencing of treatment options are of great importance. For this reason, while endodontic or periodontal treatment alone is sufficient in some lesions, combined treatment options are needed when periodontal or endodontic lesions are added secondarily or in the presence of true combined lesions. Surgical and non-surgical methods are used in the treatment of combined lesions. Since 2018, it has become of great importance for clinicians to make an accurate diagnosis for traumatic and iatrogenic factors according to the classification of EPLs and to provide appropriate treatment accordingly.
References
American Association of Endodontists. Glossary of Endodontic Terms. 10th ed. Chicago, IL: American Association of Endodontists; 2020. p. 1-48.
Sharma A, Gaur A, Baldodia A. A dilemma: Diagnosis and treatment planning of combined endo-period lesions. Int J Appl Dent Sci 2018; 4(3):304–8.
Patel P, Kikani A, Thakar K, Patal V. Management of endodontic-periodontic lesion with regenerative procedure: a split mouth observational comparative case report. J Dent Spec 2017; 5(2):152–5.
Verma PK, Srivastava R. Interdisciplinary approach for the management of bilateral periodontal: Endodontic defects. Saudi Endod J 2017;7:186-9./ Singh P. Endo-perio dilemma: a brief review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2011; 8(1):39-47.
Rotstein I, Simon JH. Diagnosis, prognosis and decision‐making in the treatment of combined periodontal‐endodontic lesions. Periodontol 2000 2004;34:165-203.
Herrera, D.; Retamal-Valdes, B.; Alonso, B.; Feres, M. Acute periodontal lesions (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endo-periodontal lesions. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2018, 45 (Suppl. 20), 578–594. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
KARABULUT, C., ÖZYÜREK, T., DEMİRYÜREK, E. Ö., & YILMAZ, F. Endodontal-Periodontal İlişkilere Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(3), 3-
Oktawati S, Siswanto H, Mardiana A, Supiaty, Neormansyah I, Basir I. Endodontic–periodontic lesion management: A systematic review. Med Clin Pract 2020; 3:100-098.
Kuligowski, P.; Jaro´ n, A.; Preuss, O.; Gabrysz-Trybek, E.; Bladowska, J.; Trybek, G. Association between Odontogenic and Maxillary Sinus Conditions: A Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2849. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Alani , A. And bishop, K(2010). Dens invaginatus. Part I . cllasification, prevalence and aetiology. İnternational endodontic journal , 1123-1136
Rotstein I, Simon JH (2003) The endo-perio lesion: a critical appraisal of the disease condition. Endod Topics 13:34–56
Oh SL, Fouad AF, Park SH. Treatment Strategy for Guided Tissue Regeneration in Combined Endodon¬tic-Periodontal Lesions: Case Report and Review. J En¬dod 2009; 35:1331-1336.
corbet,E.F.(2004).Diagnosis of acute periodontal lesions.periodontology 2000,204-216.
Carranza ,F.J.(1990). Glickman’s clinical periodontology .7th edn.philadelphia: WBsauders co.
Smith, R.G. and Davies,R.M.(1986).Acute lateral periodontal abscesses. Biritsh dental journal,176-178
Hafström,C.A.,Wikström,M.B.,Renvert,S.N.and Dahlen,g.g(1994).effect of treatment on some periodontopathognes and their antibody levels in periodontal abscesses. Journal of periodontology,1022-1028.
herrera,d.,roldan s. Gonzalez ı . and sanz m. (2000)the periodontal abscess.ı. clinical and microbiological findings..journal of clinical periodontology,387-394.
Simon JHS, Glick DH, Frank AL. The relationship of endodontic-periodontic lesions. J Periodontol 1972; 43: 202–208.
Kerns DG, Glickman GN. ‘Endodontic and Periodontal Interrelationships’ Eds: Hargreaves KM, Cohen S, Berman LH. In: Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp. 10th ed. Mosby El-sevier 2011; 655-670
Sunitha RV, Emmadi P, Namasivayam A, Thyegarajan R, Rajaraman V. The Periodontal-Endodontic Continuum: A Review. J Conserv Dent 2008; 11: 54-62.
Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N et al (2018) Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol 89(1):S173–S182.
Simon JH, Glick DH, Frank AL (1972) The relationship of endodontic- periodontic lesions. J Periodontol 43:202–208. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1902/ jop. 1972. 43.4. 202 .
Abbott PV, Salgado JC (2009) Strategies for the endodontic management of concurrent endodontic and periodontal diseases. Aust Dent J 54(Suppl 1):S70–S85. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1111/j. 1834- 7819. 2009. 01145.x
Papapanou, P. N., Sanz, M., Buduneli, N., Dietrich, T., Feres, M., Fine, D. H., ... & Tonetti, M. S. (2018). Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. Journal of periodontology, 89, S173-S182.
Singh P (2011) Endo-perio dilemma: a brief review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 8:39–4.
Fujii R, Muramatsu T, Yamaguchi Y et al (2014) An endodonticperiodontal lesion with primary periodontal disease: a case report on its bacterial profile. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 55:33–37. https://doi. org/ 10. 2209/ tdcpu blica tion. 55. 33.
Nirola A, Grover S, Sharma A, Kaur D (2011) Pulpal perio relations: interdisciplinary diagnostic approach - I. J Indian Soc Periodontol 15:80–82. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ 0972- 124X. 82257.
Zehnder M, Gold SI, Hasselgren, G. Pathologic interactions in pulpal and periodontal tissues. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29:663-71.
Anderson AC, Al-Ahmad A, Elamin F, Jonas D, Mirghani Y, Schilhabel M, et al. Comparison of the bacterial composition and structure in symptomatic and asymptomatic endodontic infections associated with root-filled teeth using pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2013;8:e84960.
Wang HL, Glickman GN. Endodontic and periodontic inerrelationships. In: Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Pathways of the Pulp. 8th ed. St Louis: CV Mosby; 2002. p. 651-66.
Khatib MS, Devarasanahalli SV, Nadig RR. Endoperio lesions:A diagnostic dilemma. Indian J Multidiscip Dent 2018;8:128-31.
Setzer FC, Shah SB, Kohli MR, Karabucak B, Kim S. Outcomeof endodontic surgery: A meta-analysis of the literature – Part 1: Comparison of traditional root-end surgery and endodonticmicrosurgery. J Endod 2010;36:1757-65.
Lačević A, Foschi F, Pojskić L, Pojskić N, Bajrović K, Izard J. Correlation of periodontal pathogens in concurrent endodonticperiodontal diseases. Oral Biol Dent. 2015;3:551-6.AND .
Sistla KP, Raghava KV, Narayan SJ, Yadalam U, Bose A, Roy PP. Endoperio continuum: A review from cause to cure. J Adv Clin Res Insights 2018;5:188-91.
Abbot PV, Salgado JC. Strategies for the endodontic managment of concurrent endodontic and periodontal diseases. Aust Dent J 2009;54:S70-85.
Krupali S, Vimala N, Naykodi T, Dharmadikari S, Padhye P. Endo perio restorative continuum: A case report. Int J Oral Health Dent 2016;2:265-7
Tewari S, Sharma G, Tewari S, Mittal S, Bansal S. Effect of immediate periodontal surgical treatment of periodontal healing in combined endodontic–periodontal lesions with communication: A randomized clinical trial. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018;8:105-12.
Kalvani, H., Babulal, H., Kalburge, V. J., Chaudhary, N., Thakkar, R. R., & Ahir, J. D. (2022). Assessment of correlation of periodontal pathogens in endoperio lesions. International Journal of Oral Care and Research, 10(4), 85-87.
Harrington GW, Steiner DR. Periodontal-endodontic considerations. In: Walton RE, Torabinejad M, editors. Principles and Practice of Endodontics. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA and London: Saunders; 2002. p. 466-84.
Solomon C, Chalfin H, Kellert M, Weseley P (1995) The endodontic periodontal lesion: a rational approach to treatment. J Am Dent Assoc 126:473–479. https:// doi. org/ 10. 14219/ jada. archi ve. 1995. 0210
Siqueira JF, Rocas IN (2011) Optimising single-visit disinfection with supplementary approaches: a quest for predictability. Aust Endod J 37:92–98. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1111/j. 1747- 4477.2011. 00334.x.
Sharma A, Tewari S, Tewari S et al (2022) Efficacy of chlorhexidine intracanal medicament on periodontal healing in concomitant endodontic-periodontal disease with communication: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Dent 3:49–54. https:// doi.org/ 10. 24018/ ejdent. 2022.3. 2. 153.
Bansal S, Tewari S, Tewari S, Sangwan P (2018) The effect of endodontic treatment using different intracanal medicaments on periodontal attachment level in concurrent endodontic-periodontal lesions: a randomized controlled trial. J Conserv Dent 21:413–418. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ JCD. JCD_ 337_ 17.
Duque TM, Prado M, Herrera DR, Gomes BPFA (2019) Periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory profile in primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement after a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication.Clin Oral Investig 23:53–63. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/s00784- 018- 2401-6.
Aksel H, Serper A. A case series associated with dif¬ferent kinds of endo-perio lesions. J Clin Exp Dent. 2014; 6(1): 91-5.
Seltzer S, Bender IB, Ziontz M. The interrelationship of pulp and periodontal disease. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1963; 16: 1474–1490.
Morris ML. Healing of human periodontal tissues fol¬lowing surgical detachment and extirpation of vital pulps. J Periodontol 1960; 31: 23–26.
Sanders JJ, Sepe WW, Bowers GM, Koch RW, Williams JE, Lekas JS. Clinical evaluation of freeze-dried bone al¬lografts in periodontal osseous defects. Part III. Compos¬ite freeze-dried bone allografts with and without autoge¬nous bone grafts. J Periodontol 1983; 54: 1–8.
Zehnder M, Gold SI, Hasselgren G. Pathologic interac¬tions in pulpal and periodontal tissues. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29: 663–671.
Petersson K, Söderström C, Kiani-Anaraki M, Levy G. Evaluation of the ability of thermal and electrical tests to register pulp vitality. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999; 15:127–131.
Singh P. Endo-Perio Dilemma: A Brief Review. Dent Res J 2011; 8: 39-47.
Oh SL. Mesiobuccal root resection in endodontic-per¬odontal combined lesions. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 660- 669.
Karunakar P, Prasanna JS, Jayadev M, Shravani GS. Platelet rich fibrin, “a faster healing aid” in the treatment of combined lesions: A report of two cases. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2017; 18: 651-655.
Sharma R, Hegde V, Siddharth M, Hegde R, Manchan¬da G, Agarwal P. Endodontic-periodontal microsurgery for combined endodontic-periodontal lesions: An over¬view. J Conserv Dent 2014;17: 510-516.
Shenoy N, Shenoy A (2010) Endo-perio lesions: diagnosis and clinical considerations. Indian J Dent Res 21:579–585. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ 0970- 9290. 74238.
Al-Fouzan KS (2014) A new classification of endodontic-periodontal lesions. Int J Dent 2014:919173. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1155/2014/ 919173.
Kim, S. & Kratchman, S. (2006) Modern endodontic surgery concepts and practice: a review. Journal of Endodontia, 32(7), 601–623
Tsesis, I., Rosen, E., Tamse, A., Taschieri, S. & Del Fabbro, M. (2011) Effect of guided tissue regeneration on the outcome of surgical endodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Endodontia, 37(8), 1039–1045.
von Arx T. Apical surgery: A review of current tech¬niques and outcome. Saudi Dent J 2011; 23: 9-15.
Sharma A, Gaur A, Baldodia A. A dilemma: Diagnosis and treatment planning of combined endo-period lesions. Int J Appl Dent Sci 2018; 4(3):304–8.
Patel P, Kikani A, Thakar K, Patal V. Management of endodontic-periodontic lesion with regenerative procedure: a split mouth observational comparative case report. J Dent Spec 2017; 5(2):152–5.
Verma PK, Srivastava R. Interdisciplinary approach for the management of bilateral periodontal: Endodontic defects. Saudi Endod J 2017;7:186-9./ Singh P. Endo-perio dilemma: a brief review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2011; 8(1):39-47.
Rotstein I, Simon JH. Diagnosis, prognosis and decision‐making in the treatment of combined periodontal‐endodontic lesions. Periodontol 2000 2004;34:165-203.
Herrera, D.; Retamal-Valdes, B.; Alonso, B.; Feres, M. Acute periodontal lesions (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endo-periodontal lesions. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2018, 45 (Suppl. 20), 578–594. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
KARABULUT, C., ÖZYÜREK, T., DEMİRYÜREK, E. Ö., & YILMAZ, F. Endodontal-Periodontal İlişkilere Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(3), 3-
Oktawati S, Siswanto H, Mardiana A, Supiaty, Neormansyah I, Basir I. Endodontic–periodontic lesion management: A systematic review. Med Clin Pract 2020; 3:100-098.
Kuligowski, P.; Jaro´ n, A.; Preuss, O.; Gabrysz-Trybek, E.; Bladowska, J.; Trybek, G. Association between Odontogenic and Maxillary Sinus Conditions: A Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2849. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Alani , A. And bishop, K(2010). Dens invaginatus. Part I . cllasification, prevalence and aetiology. İnternational endodontic journal , 1123-1136
Rotstein I, Simon JH (2003) The endo-perio lesion: a critical appraisal of the disease condition. Endod Topics 13:34–56
Oh SL, Fouad AF, Park SH. Treatment Strategy for Guided Tissue Regeneration in Combined Endodon¬tic-Periodontal Lesions: Case Report and Review. J En¬dod 2009; 35:1331-1336.
corbet,E.F.(2004).Diagnosis of acute periodontal lesions.periodontology 2000,204-216.
Carranza ,F.J.(1990). Glickman’s clinical periodontology .7th edn.philadelphia: WBsauders co.
Smith, R.G. and Davies,R.M.(1986).Acute lateral periodontal abscesses. Biritsh dental journal,176-178
Hafström,C.A.,Wikström,M.B.,Renvert,S.N.and Dahlen,g.g(1994).effect of treatment on some periodontopathognes and their antibody levels in periodontal abscesses. Journal of periodontology,1022-1028.
herrera,d.,roldan s. Gonzalez ı . and sanz m. (2000)the periodontal abscess.ı. clinical and microbiological findings..journal of clinical periodontology,387-394.
Simon JHS, Glick DH, Frank AL. The relationship of endodontic-periodontic lesions. J Periodontol 1972; 43: 202–208.
Kerns DG, Glickman GN. ‘Endodontic and Periodontal Interrelationships’ Eds: Hargreaves KM, Cohen S, Berman LH. In: Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp. 10th ed. Mosby El-sevier 2011; 655-670
Sunitha RV, Emmadi P, Namasivayam A, Thyegarajan R, Rajaraman V. The Periodontal-Endodontic Continuum: A Review. J Conserv Dent 2008; 11: 54-62.
Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N et al (2018) Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol 89(1):S173–S182.
Simon JH, Glick DH, Frank AL (1972) The relationship of endodontic- periodontic lesions. J Periodontol 43:202–208. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1902/ jop. 1972. 43.4. 202 .
Abbott PV, Salgado JC (2009) Strategies for the endodontic management of concurrent endodontic and periodontal diseases. Aust Dent J 54(Suppl 1):S70–S85. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1111/j. 1834- 7819. 2009. 01145.x
Papapanou, P. N., Sanz, M., Buduneli, N., Dietrich, T., Feres, M., Fine, D. H., ... & Tonetti, M. S. (2018). Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. Journal of periodontology, 89, S173-S182.
Singh P (2011) Endo-perio dilemma: a brief review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 8:39–4.
Fujii R, Muramatsu T, Yamaguchi Y et al (2014) An endodonticperiodontal lesion with primary periodontal disease: a case report on its bacterial profile. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 55:33–37. https://doi. org/ 10. 2209/ tdcpu blica tion. 55. 33.
Nirola A, Grover S, Sharma A, Kaur D (2011) Pulpal perio relations: interdisciplinary diagnostic approach - I. J Indian Soc Periodontol 15:80–82. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ 0972- 124X. 82257.
Zehnder M, Gold SI, Hasselgren, G. Pathologic interactions in pulpal and periodontal tissues. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29:663-71.
Anderson AC, Al-Ahmad A, Elamin F, Jonas D, Mirghani Y, Schilhabel M, et al. Comparison of the bacterial composition and structure in symptomatic and asymptomatic endodontic infections associated with root-filled teeth using pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2013;8:e84960.
Wang HL, Glickman GN. Endodontic and periodontic inerrelationships. In: Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Pathways of the Pulp. 8th ed. St Louis: CV Mosby; 2002. p. 651-66.
Khatib MS, Devarasanahalli SV, Nadig RR. Endoperio lesions:A diagnostic dilemma. Indian J Multidiscip Dent 2018;8:128-31.
Setzer FC, Shah SB, Kohli MR, Karabucak B, Kim S. Outcomeof endodontic surgery: A meta-analysis of the literature – Part 1: Comparison of traditional root-end surgery and endodonticmicrosurgery. J Endod 2010;36:1757-65.
Lačević A, Foschi F, Pojskić L, Pojskić N, Bajrović K, Izard J. Correlation of periodontal pathogens in concurrent endodonticperiodontal diseases. Oral Biol Dent. 2015;3:551-6.AND .
Sistla KP, Raghava KV, Narayan SJ, Yadalam U, Bose A, Roy PP. Endoperio continuum: A review from cause to cure. J Adv Clin Res Insights 2018;5:188-91.
Abbot PV, Salgado JC. Strategies for the endodontic managment of concurrent endodontic and periodontal diseases. Aust Dent J 2009;54:S70-85.
Krupali S, Vimala N, Naykodi T, Dharmadikari S, Padhye P. Endo perio restorative continuum: A case report. Int J Oral Health Dent 2016;2:265-7
Tewari S, Sharma G, Tewari S, Mittal S, Bansal S. Effect of immediate periodontal surgical treatment of periodontal healing in combined endodontic–periodontal lesions with communication: A randomized clinical trial. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018;8:105-12.
Kalvani, H., Babulal, H., Kalburge, V. J., Chaudhary, N., Thakkar, R. R., & Ahir, J. D. (2022). Assessment of correlation of periodontal pathogens in endoperio lesions. International Journal of Oral Care and Research, 10(4), 85-87.
Harrington GW, Steiner DR. Periodontal-endodontic considerations. In: Walton RE, Torabinejad M, editors. Principles and Practice of Endodontics. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA and London: Saunders; 2002. p. 466-84.
Solomon C, Chalfin H, Kellert M, Weseley P (1995) The endodontic periodontal lesion: a rational approach to treatment. J Am Dent Assoc 126:473–479. https:// doi. org/ 10. 14219/ jada. archi ve. 1995. 0210
Siqueira JF, Rocas IN (2011) Optimising single-visit disinfection with supplementary approaches: a quest for predictability. Aust Endod J 37:92–98. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1111/j. 1747- 4477.2011. 00334.x.
Sharma A, Tewari S, Tewari S et al (2022) Efficacy of chlorhexidine intracanal medicament on periodontal healing in concomitant endodontic-periodontal disease with communication: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Dent 3:49–54. https:// doi.org/ 10. 24018/ ejdent. 2022.3. 2. 153.
Bansal S, Tewari S, Tewari S, Sangwan P (2018) The effect of endodontic treatment using different intracanal medicaments on periodontal attachment level in concurrent endodontic-periodontal lesions: a randomized controlled trial. J Conserv Dent 21:413–418. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ JCD. JCD_ 337_ 17.
Duque TM, Prado M, Herrera DR, Gomes BPFA (2019) Periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory profile in primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement after a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication.Clin Oral Investig 23:53–63. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/s00784- 018- 2401-6.
Aksel H, Serper A. A case series associated with dif¬ferent kinds of endo-perio lesions. J Clin Exp Dent. 2014; 6(1): 91-5.
Seltzer S, Bender IB, Ziontz M. The interrelationship of pulp and periodontal disease. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1963; 16: 1474–1490.
Morris ML. Healing of human periodontal tissues fol¬lowing surgical detachment and extirpation of vital pulps. J Periodontol 1960; 31: 23–26.
Sanders JJ, Sepe WW, Bowers GM, Koch RW, Williams JE, Lekas JS. Clinical evaluation of freeze-dried bone al¬lografts in periodontal osseous defects. Part III. Compos¬ite freeze-dried bone allografts with and without autoge¬nous bone grafts. J Periodontol 1983; 54: 1–8.
Zehnder M, Gold SI, Hasselgren G. Pathologic interac¬tions in pulpal and periodontal tissues. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29: 663–671.
Petersson K, Söderström C, Kiani-Anaraki M, Levy G. Evaluation of the ability of thermal and electrical tests to register pulp vitality. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999; 15:127–131.
Singh P. Endo-Perio Dilemma: A Brief Review. Dent Res J 2011; 8: 39-47.
Oh SL. Mesiobuccal root resection in endodontic-per¬odontal combined lesions. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 660- 669.
Karunakar P, Prasanna JS, Jayadev M, Shravani GS. Platelet rich fibrin, “a faster healing aid” in the treatment of combined lesions: A report of two cases. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2017; 18: 651-655.
Sharma R, Hegde V, Siddharth M, Hegde R, Manchan¬da G, Agarwal P. Endodontic-periodontal microsurgery for combined endodontic-periodontal lesions: An over¬view. J Conserv Dent 2014;17: 510-516.
Shenoy N, Shenoy A (2010) Endo-perio lesions: diagnosis and clinical considerations. Indian J Dent Res 21:579–585. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4103/ 0970- 9290. 74238.
Al-Fouzan KS (2014) A new classification of endodontic-periodontal lesions. Int J Dent 2014:919173. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1155/2014/ 919173.
Kim, S. & Kratchman, S. (2006) Modern endodontic surgery concepts and practice: a review. Journal of Endodontia, 32(7), 601–623
Tsesis, I., Rosen, E., Tamse, A., Taschieri, S. & Del Fabbro, M. (2011) Effect of guided tissue regeneration on the outcome of surgical endodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Endodontia, 37(8), 1039–1045.
von Arx T. Apical surgery: A review of current tech¬niques and outcome. Saudi Dent J 2011; 23: 9-15.
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93-106
Published
April 16, 2024
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Gül SNS, Naderlou F. Endodontik Periodontal Lezyonlar. In: Kesim S, editor. Güncel Periodontoloji Çalışmaları III (Bahar) [Internet]. Türkiye: Academician Publishing Book DOI Portal; 2024 [cited 2026 Jul. 13]. pp. 93-106. Available from: https://www.omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/3052/chapter/13774
