Ortognatik Cerrahinin Temporomandibular Eklem Üzerindeki Biyomekanik Etkileri
Özet
Şiddetli iskeletsel sınıf II ve sınıf III deformiteye sahip hastalarda uygulanan ortognatik cerrahi prosedürler, temporomandibular eklemde bir takım pozisyonel değişikliklere yol açmakta ve dolayısıyla eklem yüzeylerindeki stres seviyelerinde değişimlere sebep olmaktadırlar. Sınıf II hastalarda mandibular ilerletme sonrasında mandibular kondildeki pozisyonel değişiklikler ve eklem yüzeylerindeki gerilim ve sıkışma kuvvetleri sınıf III hastalarda mandibular geriletme sonrasında görülenlerden daha yüksek bulunmaktadır. Bu durum mevcut eklem düzensizliklerini şiddetlendirebildiği gibi kondiler rezorbsiyon gibi postoperatif komplikasyonlara da neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle ortognatik cerrahi prosedürlerin temporomandibular eklemdeki biyomekanik etkilerinin anlaşılması önemlidir.
Orthognathic surgical procedures performed on patients with severe skeletal Class II and Class III deformities cause certain positional changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), leading to alterations in stress levels on the joint surfaces. Positional changes in the mandibular condyle and the tensile and compressive forces on the joint surfaces after mandibular advancement in Class II patients are found to be higher compared to those observed after mandibular setback in Class III patients. This situation can exacerbate existing joint disorders and may lead to postoperative complications such as condylar resorption. Therefore, understanding the biomechanical effects of orthognathic surgical procedures on the temporomandibular joint is essential.
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